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Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Lummi Drug, Antiemetic
Tips chewed by men to avoid nausea while burying a corpse.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Lummi Drug, Pulmonary Aid
Chewed buds taken for sore lungs.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Lummi Other, Ceremonial Items
Singed limbs used as brooms to sweep off the walls of a house after removal of a corpse.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Drug, Cough Medicine
Infusion of boughs taken for coughs.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Drug, Dermatological Aid
Bark pounded until soft as cotton and used to rub the face.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Basketry
Inner bark used for basketry.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Canoe Material
Wood used to make canoes.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Clothing
Bark pounded until soft and made into clothes.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Clothing
Used to make the lining and head bands of rain hats.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Bark cut into narrow strips and woven into mats.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Bark used to line baby cradles.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Other, Ceremonial Items
Wood used to make totem poles.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Other, Containers
Wood used to make boxes.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Other, Cooking Tools
Wood used to make fish barbecuing sticks and cross pieces.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Limbs used for towing dead whales out of the water.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Makah Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Used to make arrow shafts.
Gunther, Erna, 1973, Ethnobotany of Western Washington, Seattle. University of Washington Press. Revised edition, page 19
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Basketry
Bark used to make frame work of baskets.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Basketry
Inner bark used to make sacks.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Basketry
Roots used for making baskets.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Building Material
Wood used for shingles, lumber, fence posts and for paving.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Canoe Material
Bark used to make canoes.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Clothing
Inner bark woven into cloth.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Fiber, Cordage
Inner bark used to make cords for fishnets.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Food, Dried Food
Spring cambium pressed into cakes and dried for storage.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Food, Unspecified
Spring cambium eaten fresh.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Montana Indian Other, Hunting & Fishing Item
Wood made into floats for fish nets.
Blankinship, J. W., 1905, Native Economic Plants of Montana, Bozeman. Montana Agricultural College Experimental Station, Bulletin 56, page 25
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Drug, Antidiarrheal
Leaves used for diarrhea.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Drug, Cold Remedy
Infusion of boughs used for colds.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Drug, Cough Medicine
Infusion of boughs used for coughs.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of boughs sweetened and used for children with colds.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Drug, Pediatric Aid
Infusion of boughs sweetened and used for children with coughs.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Fiber, Basketry
Roots used to make baskets.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Fiber, Building Material
Bark formerly used to make lean-to shelters while camping.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Fiber, Building Material
Bark used to cover the roofs of semi-subterranean houses.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Fiber, Canoe Material
Wood hollowed out with fire, smoothed, trimmed and used to make canoes.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nez Perce Fiber, Furniture
Wood used to make cradle boards.
Hart, Jeff, 1992, Montana Native Plants and Early Peoples, Helena. Montana Historical Society Press, page 54
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Basketry
Bark used to make baskets.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Basketry
Inner bark strips used to make storage baskets and for basket bottoms, rims and ribs.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Basketry
Young limbs twisted and used to make basket frames and ribs.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Building Material
Wood used for houseposts and wall and roofing houseboards.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Canoe Material
Wood used to make dugout canoes.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Clothing
Bark used to make waterproof hats, capes and other articles of clothing.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Cordage
Bark used to make rope.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Cordage
Inner bark split into thin strips, spun and used for rope and twine.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Cordage
Used to make ropes.
Gill, Steven J., 1983, Ethnobotany of the Makah and Ozette People, Olympic Peninsula, Washington (USA), Washington State University, Ph.D. Thesis, page 228
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Cordage
Young limbs twisted and used for rope material.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Bark used to make mats.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Fiber, Mats, Rugs & Bedding
Inner bark woven with dog hair and cottonwood bast fiber to make blankets.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Other, Ceremonial Items
Boughs used by boys in training for manhood.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Western Redcedar
USDA THPL
Nitinaht Other, Ceremonial Items
Wood used to make masks.
Turner, Nancy J., John Thomas, Barry F. Carlson and Robert T. Ogilvie, 1983, Ethnobotany of the Nitinaht Indians of Vancouver Island, Victoria. British Columbia Provincial Museum, page 67